Victory speech

Good evening the States. I stand here before you, overwhelmed by the final verdict of our unique nation. I, Paris Hilton am the first female candidate to get won the position of Pre emplacementncy in this great country of ours. I apply achieved the unthinkable Once again, America has demonstrated her ability to be different. While, I know, the pressure I expect to face in the advance years pull up stakes be a divide, I promise that I pass on deliver on the trust and faith whole of you construct reposed in me. The Democrats have always striven hard to net profit and I typify them and thank them for the support they have given me. The last chairman, Barack Obama, Americas first African-American President, as some of us here know, has given me support passim my campaign. I thank him for thisMy fellow Americans, I promise you that I will bring success but not without some hiccups. BE weapons-grade and TRUST me, for those who do not, in time I will forecastfully prove to yo u that I am the right person to burden wholly these responsibilities on. I believe that a country should be run and managed hardly like we American women manage our houses orderly, neat, clean and well planned. I demand to make changes in our internal policies to ensure that this understanding(a) of mine is in effect executed.The revenue department also should be run the way I run my household budgets Americans, we must l straighten out to spend only what we earn this is the only answer to our deficit balance of payments problem.The White House has been standing for the last two centuries and for the first time in its history I am going to use my redecoration budget on the out side rather than the inside. I plan to make a historical change. I have decided, as some of you know, that the White House is going to be painted pink. Many people will object but please do understand that this is necessary. It is befitting for a woman President to fix the correct ambience for all the people who visit her.My father and drive tried to discourage me in the beginning but seeing my conclusion supported me through thick and thin. Thank you dad, thank you mom, I hope I dont let you down now. I promise I will behave this time.I would like to thank Michelle, my designer for the outstanding evening gowns that she bring outd. The dresses went a grand way in attr proceeding big crowds. People were homophile(a) to see how I would look at every event. The media was fantastic in portraying my pictures in the best light. The swimsuits that I auctioned helped me get money for my campaign. I must also thank Diana, my hair stylist for her unstinting support. The impudent styles she created were ones that the public personally adored. Their hard work has paid off and helped me win this hard-fought campaignThroughout my campaign all 17 of my dogs traveled with me across this vast nation. There were many difficulties they faced but they did not falter even once. They ate what was given to them and never complained about want of sleep or comfort. Without them, I could never have fought so long or so strong. This brings me to the pet licensing policy and one of the first things to turn to is that an American will be allowed to keep a maximum of xx animals in the house, without a licence.Before I started campaigning I had acted in some movies and none of them were great hits. Therefore another policy that I have decided to make is that every movie I act in must run in every theatre untaxed everyday. This must continue for one monthI will not endorse anybody driving under the influence of alcohol because after the get word of being in jail for drunken driving, I realise that it is no fun. Teenagers and adults listen to your President dont drink and drive. However, this experience has not gone in vain. I appreciate the problems prisoners face in jail. The inmates orange clothing is ill designed. It made me look fat and clashed horribly with my hair. I hope during my condition as President, I can address some of these issues. I draw a bead on to invite some of the worlds top designers to suggest new designs for the inmates clothing.A lot of people wondered why a successful fashion socialite and struggling vocalizer like myself should run for the office of the nations President. I would like to take this hazard to explain one of the most important reasons for this decision. Most of you know that I have grown up in the lap of luxury and have never had to work for a living. However, some months ago, my grandfather decided to sureness his wealth to charity. My Porsche, BMW and Mercedes were repossessed. I was even evicted from my Fifth Avenue apartment in New York. This is why I had to stand for elections to earn the salary that the President is paid with free accommodation and transportation thrown in.Come, my countrymen and join me to create a new page in history. Let us all work together in harmony to create a more than fas hionable and enjoyable TOMORROW.And for tonight. LETS PARTY

Brand Community

During the last fifteen years, on that stopover atomic number 18 numerous popular subjects dealinghip marketing and nock construction,etc.These hot subjects gain interaction and speed up the incubation of unused sources of disciplinary reaping Brand Relationship(the birth between consumer and injury).In Brand Relationship theory sysytem,to a great extent scholars direction on the descent between consumer and crisscross, merely Muniz and OGuinn(2001) did more search on the kindred among consumers, and put forward-moving a tender shuffling concept Brand confederacy.This concept comes from outlay companionship,which was start proposed by historian Daniel Boorstin(1974), in the modern era of high mobility, people depend not solo to communality of consumption behavior but in any case to region as a basis for sapidityings of participation. The same as consumption confederacy, sucker friendship is too initiative and drive of item-by-items co operating at t he beginning, after that, move inprise start to take a shit advantage of the power of tick off fraternity to take a leak pit loyalty and station equity, therefore, home run society is becoming a new weapon of marketing.In this essay, I attract literature review surveys on scholarly articles, books relevant to brand association, providing a description, summary and critical evaluation of brand familiarity. Firstly, discuss the origin and interpretation of brand club. Secondly, summary the search status and the dynamic natures of brand fellowship which atomic number 18 polar from consumption biotic residential district, briefly introduce one-third of import features of brand community. Thirdly, illustrate evolution of brand community seat. Fourthly, case study, utilise case of Starbucks to explain the tax deductions of brand community. Fin onlyy, conclusion and the prospect of research.1 terminus ad quem of Brand community1.1 Origin of Brand communityDuring the last a couple of(prenominal) years, there is a trend that academic research on consumption activities moved a government agency from considerations of individual to a focus on communal. The explicate community was aimd frequently. consumption community (Boorstin, 1973). Subcultures of consumption (schouten and McAlexander, 1995). Band community (Muniz and OGuinn, 2001 McAlexander et al., 2002).These communities argon referred to as sociable collectives (Greenwood, 1994). Life-mode communities (Firat and Dholakia, 1998) andneo-tribes (Cova, 1997).Brands provide the linking measure out to somewhat individuals who wants to become member of these communities. These communities seize the idea that people have traffic with other people and such relationships be constructed around a fulcrum acted by brands. Harley Owners group(HOG)is a comfortably example of the brand providing such linking value(Fournier et al.,2001).There are more and more descriptive studies detailing the f eatures of such communities Star Wars fans (Brown et al.,2003) Suns Java Center community (Williams and Cothrel,2000) and Nutella(Cova and Pace, 2005).In a word, communities are expect to provide benefits for the organisation they affect brand equity and create a stable base of loyal, enthusiastic consumers (Muiz and OGuinn, 2001 McAlexander et al., 2001). Actually, it is not easy for a brand to establish a community.Brand-centred communities may typify themselves to open up a utopian place in the contemporary world.Kozinets (2001) historied that impossibility and dreamness together with deep motivational power and desire era utopianism enables clients to read with reality rather than merely escape into fantasy (Geoghegan, 1987).Which means commute and subvert are the two abilities of utopian (Maclaran and Brown, 2001).Members and the relations among them compose a community. McAlexander and Koeing (2002) identify communities on the basis of identification among community member s(a neighborhood, a va shagt pursuit, an occupation and devotion to a brand).Brand community is a new oddball of community, different from traditional community, place form a strong image, a lengthy history around brands.Actually,it is a community established with brand-centric1.2 interpretation of Brand communityBecause brand community is a new concept, there is nounified definition in academia, but we can define it from two move narrow and freehanded meanings. Narrow meaning is represented by Muniz and OGuinn. Based on the research on some brands, such as Ford Bronco, etc.Muniz and 0Guinn (2001) noted a brand community is a no-geographically bound and specialized community based on a unified set of social relationships among admirers of a brand. It highlight the point connection of brand community is brand not region, and brand community has three indispensable markers (Muniz and OGuinn, 2001).Bagozzi (2006) noted that brand community is consumption community with communa l enthusiasm for a certain brand or certain right social cognition (environmental protection), the members realize collective objective or bear the common emotional and commitment through common action. Substantiallythis is as the same as Muniz and OGuinns definitionthey both accentuate the expressions of emotion and action from a certain brandMcAlexander (2002) expended this conceptthe openhanded meaning of brand community is a connection network with focal customer as centre, besides brand relationship, there are many other relationships. This concept emphasizes the Consumers all-round have got of brand. Upshaw and Taylor (2001) made a broad explanation to this conceptthey documented that all the stakeholders who have relationship with the brand (including employeecustomerstockholdersupplier and strategic partnered) compose brand community.2 Basic theory and concept 2.1 Research Status Brand community is becoming an increasing popular topic in brand concern research however , the short-lived time leads to its present research is preliminary, and mainly focused on the concept, features, origin, impact and modes, etc. For example,Muniz and OGuinn(2001)claimed that brand community has three essential features of community consciousness of descriptor, rituals and traditions and moral responsibility.Schau and Muniz (2002)reported the value of brand community image is primary(prenominal) to consumers identify centifiedSchmitt , Rogers and Vrotsos (2003)described the performance of brand community in Jeep,BMW and many other vehicle brandsHoeffler and Keller (2002)noted the improving consciousness of brand community is in favor of enhancing brand equity based on consumers McAlexander , Kim and Roberts (2003)researched the relationship between brand community and consumers satisfaction, consumers loyalty, and claimed that consumers loyalty is not lonesome(prenominal) abnormal by customer satisfaction, but also by brand community.Belk and Tumbat noted that it is not easy for a brand to establish a community.(Schouten and McAlexander, 1995 Kozinets,2001Muniz and Schau,2005).There are many scholars focusing on virtual community, documented the classify of community and marketing strategy (McWilliams , 2000 Monica , 2000 Wind , Mahajan and Gunther ,2003). All above research meliorate the brand community theory, but there is a serious conundrum research only stays on statical concept ,feature and primary implication phase.Muniz and OGuinn said the future of research is to go to sleep how brand community wobble in different social situation.2.2 Dynamic Natures Consumption community and brand community are different on several dimensionsfirstly,Muniz and OGuinn(2001)noted that brand community is non-geographically bounded, they may be either scattered(Boorstin,1974),or geographically intemperate (Holt,1995).Geographical concentration is the dimension of social context.To be more exact, interactions within a brand community may be ric h in social context. Communication may be predominantly face to face,nediated by electronic devices(Boorstin,1974).Members may have a number of teaching about for each one other(gender,age and background).There is little understanding of movement along this dimension. The temporal stability of a community can be asset to marketers in as oftentimes as legerity equates with a long-term, stable valuable market communities can share useful consumption experiences. (Arnould and Price, 1993).2.3 Three main features 2.3.1 Consciousness of kind This feature allows two sides legitimacy and oppositional brand loyalty.Muniz and OGuinn noted that members smell an significant connection to the brand and toward each other, nevertheless they are strangers, members feel they know each other, the link is more important than the thing (Cova,1997,p307).They also can distinguish who is the real member by judging whether he is familiar with and in favor of the brand, not just because of chasing fa shion to use overlap of the brand.Sometimes,brand community members build community to share common experience and brand connotation to fight with other brands. That means community ordain become more solidarity when facing with threats (Muiz and OGuinn, 2001).2.3.2 Shared rituals and traditions The main point of this feature is shared consumption experience. It consists of celebrating the history of the brand and sharing brand stories. The transmission of brand community is life-affirming to establish its culture. At the same time, brand history is brand communitys cultural equity. Sharing brand stories playing a significant subroutine in brand building and maintaining. It strengthens consciousness of kind among brand members and contributes to imagined community. It also reinforces members identity to the brand and suspensorer members learn more about communities value. Ads play a significant character in brand community rituals and traditions. Members are concerned with ads as they expose the brand to those outside of the community, and themselves (Muiz and OGuinn, 2001). 2.3.3 Moral ResponsibilityIts definition is a sense of duty to the community as a whole and to individual members of the community (Muiz and OGuinn, 2001).There are at least two traditional communal missions the first one is integrating and retaining members, there is the presence of a social moral consciousness in traditional communities, they recognize the bound of what is appropriate and inappropriate, right and wrong. Another is assisting in the use of the brand. Assistance is to help community members, both known and unknown, repair the harvest or sack up problems. Assisting is one of the places in which computer-mediated communication offers a great deal of reading (Muiz and OGuinn, 2001).According to the primary nature of the relationship, the assistance offered between individuals sharing a communal bond is specialized (Wellman, 1990 Wellman and Wortley, 1990)3 Evolution of Brand Community moulding3.1 Traditional Brand community Model Boorstin emphasized the relationship between reaping (brand) and customer in consumption community copy (figure 1).Customers look brand as the promise enterprise made for the products run low value and image. Enhancing brand means the contract between enterprise and customer. To accomplish different needs from different target market, different brands need different brand positioning, even the same brand, with the changing of customers need, also need change brand positioning. Therefore, Boorstin took the perspective that consumption community is customer-centric, the tuition of brand should stupefy to customers need as the guide.3.2. Triangle Brand community exercise Muniz and OGuinn ,who are the initiator of the theory of brand community, enrich the relationship fabric of customer-brand, emphasized brand as intermediary (figure 2).With the development of social economy, customers are not confined to need for product (material level), they are not only concentrating on the function value of products own, more concentrating on consuming the product can give them symbolic significance and emotion interests.The similar experience and shared emotion among community members give them more emotion value than product function value. Brand community Triad Model attain through the single dimensionality in traditional customer-brand, concentrate on the relationship among customer-customer. Weakness is that the brand allow be influenced not only by customers belong to itself, but also by customers belong to other brands. For example,Many customers will interview the website and forum before purchasing products, they can find information about many other brand customers.3.3. Brand stakeholder relations model Upshaw and Taylor came up with a new Masterbrand Community model based on Brand community Triad Model. Their opinion is all the stakeholders with brand should include employee,customer,stockh older,supplier and strategic partnered.compose brand community(figure 3).A good brand image is the base of community, part these stakeholders play an significant role in maintaining brand image and reputation, only be kind to these stakeholders ,can brand have attraction. It is the motivation of brand community.This model organizes many factors which can influence brand to build and maintain the symphonious relationship between them. Although this model emphasizes that many kinds of stakeholders are important to brand building, it involves too many complicated relationships which is not easy for analysis and research. equivalentwise, this model strengthens brands core position, neglect customers playing an important role in brand building.3.4. Focal customer model Based on Muniz and OGuinns brand community theory (2001), McAlexanderSchouten and Koening (2002) put forward Focal Customer Model. This model emphasizes brand, product, customer and marketer are important factors to co mpose brand community, and bring quaternary relationships into brand community customer and enterprise, customer and product, customer and brand, customer and customer. This models feature is bring out the focal customer playing linking role in brand community. Besides Munizs relationship among customers, they added product, brand and marketer. Although this structure is more comprehensive, it has drifted brand community raised by Muniz, which analyze the relationship among customers.McAlexanders opinion in truth is another closely related topic-brand relationship. A research specialist in brand relationship field, Fourier (2001), expended the relationship between brand and customer to four relations as McAlexanders model. Based on new product diffusion theory, focal customer is playing an opinion leader during product diffusion process, they are the base of enterprise. So, when enter worths want to attract new customers, also should pay more attention to focal customers satisfact ion and loyalty.3.5 conclusions The premise of research on brand community is better understanding of brand community models. From the focus of the study,Munizs and McAleXanders models focus on customer, while Upshaws model focus on brand, the difference is that former model analyse the role customer playing in brand building, the later studied all the factors can influence brand. From the range of the study, Upshaws mode is real comprehensive, but too complex it is difficult to consider all types of relations in one study at the same time. That is the reason wherefore it is seldom used.Munizs and McAlexanders models are more useful, but from the logicality of study, their models did not distinguish the importance of all types of relations, that is to say, they did not tell us which relation playing an important role in brand community. 4 Case study The success and failure of StarbucksFounded in 1971, Starbucks has the fastest produce rate of any follow in the history of retail ing. (George and Pierce, 2007)Starbucks sells mainly coffee, and even were it the best coffee in the world it would still only be coffee. The question spontaneously arises, however, why is Starbucks today a brand to be counted among the elite of mythical brands? What has made the consumer pay a premium price for something they would normally have paid significantly less for? The answer can be found in the fact that Starbucks marketing approach goes uttermost beyond the tangible component of the product by infusing coffee with new symbolic set and brand community. A high quality of coffee, far-flung locations and commercial partnership agreements have undoubtedly contributed to the companys growth, but these elements are not sufficient to make a brand a global myth, an authentic icon of postmodern society.An exchange from the movie duplex rear illustrates the bohemian image Starbucks has acquired as a place where writers and other intellectuals are welcomed as part of a specific community. In the film, a five-year-old wife, played by Drew Barrymore, turns to her writer husband and says Well, what if you got out of the house for a little while and went to write at, like a Starbucks or something? It would be nice not to have to write at Starbucks with all the other novelists, replies the young man, played by Ben Stiller.It is precisely this which is the true centre of Starbucks a place which evokes symbolic values and brand community values which go beyond coffee and the products sold and which makes a sign a metropolitan legend. It is feeling part of a community like that of the writers sounding for success quoted in the film, and many morebesides,which makes consumers identify with a place where, when it unfeignedly comes down to it, what you mostly do is just drinking coffee.A person who habitually goes a sort of community to do so not just to drink a cup of coffee but to admission price a sort of community where they find values, models and behavio rs which they tend to recognize themselves in. While Starbucks continued to enrich its context with new meanings and values, other competitors continued to solely sell coffee (Shu-pei Tsai, 2005), Starbuckss performance demonstrates how, by enhancing the atmosphere and do the place of consumption a space linked to trendsetters and not the nonage fringe of the population, by creating a sense of belonging and community, it is possible to strain success even when satisfying routine needs.As Volli says, Starbucks is together unlikable and secret but also open and public, it shows and hides at the same time, it at the same time exercises modesty and seduction, the secret and the recall(Volli,1998).Starbucks has known how to invest a new way of communication ,strongly centered on the communicative processes among members of its brand community and between its members and the outside world.There is no perfect in the world,with the development of society,economy and many other aspects,S tarbucks also should face with some shortage and challenge.The greater standardization of the structures has slowly made them lose the bohemian charm which the first points of sale had, and that aroma of coffee which represented the heart of the brand community offering in Starbucks has progressively weakened. The sensory connotation which immediately hits you when you enter a Starbucks and which creates around it a relaxing atmosphere similar to that matte up in a club of people who share the passion for coffee, is bit by bit getting weaker.But the problem is not limited to reduced olfactory involvement, if anything it involves the fact that the chain is losing its soul of the past, becoming more and more like a conventional chain and losing that atmosphere which was so dear to its conk out of a small neighborhood ship, whose emotive warmth can pass particularly intense experiences. We could say that this is one of the risks which companies which have been able to build real co mmunities around their brands find them having to face. When the brand becomes as developed as Starbucks, its audience widens and new consumers, with characters different from those of the communitys original members, take possession, thus reducing the initial followers feeling of belonging.Infact, belonging to a community satisfies the desire of individuals to share common aspects with other individuals and in that way express their distinctiveness from other social groups. When those very people they are trying to distinguish themselves from try to become part of the community, it is necessary to know how to manage this process by trying to preserve the symbolic accord of the brand rather than adapting it to the new context. This is a natural process the company does not live so as to remain in the ghetto of the niche it is in development a growth that we find the preservation of its zippy functions, but the process must be handled with extreme care, avoiding compromising the g ood and the unique that has been built.

Haiti Earthquake

Haiti Earthquake is one of the significant events that happened in 2010. The 7. 0 magnitude earthquake strikes Haiti on 13th January 2010, Wednesday. It destroyed Haitis capital, Port-au-Prince and many a(prenominal) other residences. This 5th deadliest earthquake in the reality killed everyplace 100,000 Haitians and left-hand(a) many homeless or seriously injured. The dead were even interred in mass graves. Humanitarian aid, rescue and checkup groups from all over the military personnel gave their utmost admirer to Haiti immediately. On 22nd January, the search for survivors was thuslyly finally called off.Haiti Earthquake is caused mainly by inborn causes. Haiti Earthquake occurred on the boundary between the Caribbean and North American plates. Therefore, according to a geophysicist, the both plates moved past each other and generated huge release of energy, create the Haiti Earthquake. Not only the natural causes, Haitis location and environment similarly contri h ardlyed to the earthquake. Based on research, 60% of Haitis buildings were unsound and Haiti often set nigh recurrent haps equivalent cyclone.Haiti in addition faced political instability as it is one of the poorest country in the western hemisphere and do not have good communication systems, ports and building style for earthquake resistance. loving causes like the schools and hospitals being unresilient to the earthquake and unprep ard also caused the serious maltreat of Haiti. The Haiti Earthquake created a huge impact on Haitis economy. Haitis government had to spend approximately $7. 2 billion to $13. 2 billion on the rebuild of infrastructure.The earthquake also disrupted Haitis interchange as the roads and ports were destroyed or strewn with dead bodies. Buildings, including the presidents palace and impose headquarters, were reduced to rubbles. Children were seen digging into the sea of corpses to look for their parents and the injured were pleading in vain for me dical help. The worst thing was the main prison had collapsed, thus inmates escaped and brought greater danger to all Haitians. Countries from all over the world helped in giving aid to Haiti.For example, The UNISDR cooperated with Bill Clinton to build disaster riskiness reduction tools for Haiti. This helped to reduce the impact of future disasters that might happen to Haiti. capital of Singapores government came up with US$50,000 for the Haitians. However, Singapore did not do much other than giving a mere amount of US$50,000. The governments initial decision to send rescue teams to Haiti was also cancelled as they matt-up that it was too late and they could not sack up useful contributions. This made me felt disappointed s even Indonesia move aid worth US$22 one thousand thousand and a team of volunteers to help out in Haiti. China was even among the first at the scene with sniffer dogs, medics and monitoring equipment. Not only that, teens from all over the world also helped out. Singapore students from Canberra Secondary School and Dunman High helped to emanation funds for Haitians and gave to charity, Mercy Relief and also organized gratuity drives. urban center Harvest Church and CityCare organisation even send two medical teams to Haiti. For every purchase made in shops like Espirit, a donation of US$1 was also given to Haiti.Famous Hollywood stars like Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie even went to Haiti personally to business organization for the Haitians and donated US$1 million to Doctor Without Borders. Judging from above, I personally think that the best reply is the building of disaster-risk tools. This will lessen the impact caused by disasters in the huge run. Other solutions are also important but they were only short-lived solutions. However, I felt that most importantly was to educate the Haitians on natural disasters as Haiti is very vulnerable to it. By continuously giving help to them, it is not an absolute solution.Perhaps countr ies who have faced these troubles before could discipline them the precautions to be taken, ways to calm down and act quickly but steadily when faced with disasters. Based on research, the supposedly more soul-destroying Chilean Earthquake suffered lesser casualties than the Haiti Earthquake as they were well-prepared. The care and line shown by everyone in the world would make the Haitians feel warm. The medical help provided by the medical and rescue teams were what Haitians needed the most. With the donations of many countries, Haitians definitely regained consent on rebuilding their homeland back.Haiti EarthquakeHope for children of Haiti On January 12 2010 a devastating tragedy occurred in our world. The beautiful country of Haiti was struck by a 7. 0 magnitude earthquake that changed the country and the lives of hatful nutriment in Haiti. This earthquake stuck Haiti before five pm and was centred about 10 miles south east of port au prince which is the capital city o f Haiti. This earthquake is known as one of most powerful earthquakes of the century, that it was felt in eastern parts of Cuba. Prior to the earthquake, the bulk of Haiti are living eighty percent under the poverty line(Curler, 2010).In results of the earthquake in Haiti, Haiti has been left in poorer economic condition than before. Due to this natural disaster many innocent lives were taken away. The number of casualties kept increasing as the bodies of children were being discovered under the destroyed rumble. The demolition total at greater than 220 000 people after the earthquake(save the children federation, 2010). Prior to the earthquake Haiti already struggled with 15 of its children population already orphaned or abandoned. This earthquake has caused orphanages to overflow with children with neglect of supplies and materials to care for them.They need clothing, food shelter and all the basics necessities to care for them. This tragedy was traumatizing to children because they are so innocent and have less spirit of whats happened. Hundreds of thousands of children have been displaced which is likely to have increased their sense of foreboding and fear, especially as aftershocks continue and buildings, including schools, continue to collapse( save the children federation , 2010). many lives have been saved, as well as many bodies recovered from the rubble.Although there were various doctors and rescue teams who flew to Port-au-Prince to aid the victims of the tragedy, aid did not reach those who were in dire need of it. The aftermath of the earthquake was not the only problem for the Haitians of Port-au -Prince. Port-au-Princes main prison was destructed by the earthquake leaving almost 4, 000 inmates, who survived the earthquake, roaming the streets present commander for Dominican Republic, Delfin Antonio Rodriguez stated, Our biggest problem is security Yesterday they tried to seize more or less of our trucks.Today we were barely able to wor k in some places because of that. Theres looting and people with guns out there, because this country is very poor and people are desperate(Rayner 2010). Rescuers had even been ordered to stop working when the nighttime fell because of fear of being attacked. Children have been profoundly affected by the events they have witnessed and Seeing and feeling buildings collapse, familiar faces dead and piled up around what used to be a neighbourhood and never seeing love ones again.Haiti may seem far away for many but they are us, our human race, in need. Please give generously to our cause. Resources Rayner, G (2010). Haiti earthquake, death toll may hit 200,000. Retrieved march 25, 2010, from http//www. telegraph. co. uk/news/worldnews/centralamericaandthecaribbean/haiti/7003057/Haiti-earthquake-death-toll-may-hit-200000. html Simon, M & Edvige ,J (2010). 7. 0 quake hits Haiti, serious loss of life. Retrieved March 25, 2010, from http//www. cnn. om/2010/WORLD/americas/01/12/haiti. eart hquake/index. html Curly, R (2010). Information and Resources on the Port Au Prince, Haiti Earthquake . Retrieved March 25, 2010, from http//gocaribbean. about. com/od/haiti/qt/Haitiearthquakeoverview2. htm Save the children federation inc(2010). Haiti Earthquake Children in Emergency . Retrieved March 25, 2010, from http//www. savethechildren. org/emergencies/latin-america-caribbean/haiti/earthquake-10/haiti-earthquake-children-in-emergency. html

Alexander Pope’s the Rape of the Lock Essay

The Rape of the Lock begins with a passage outlining the crush of the poetry and invo mightiness the aid of the muse. Then the fair weather (Sol) appears to initiate the leisurely morning routines of a wealthy household. Lapdogs shake themselves awake, bells begin to ring, and although it is already noon, Belinda still sleeps. She has been dreaming, and we determine that her guardian Sylph, Ariel, has sent the dream. The dream is of a hand around youth who tells her that she is defend by unnumbered Spiritsan army of supernatural beingnesss who once lived on earth as human wowork force. The youth ex on the face of its that they atomic number 18 the invisible guardians of womens chastity, although the credit is usu exclusivelyy mistakenly given to Honor quite a than to their heaven-sent stewarf bedship. Of these Spirits, one particular groupthe Sylphs, who dwell in the air help oneself as Belindas personal guardians they argon devoted, jockeyr-like, to both woman that reje cts mankind, and they regard and reward the vanities of an elegant and frivolous lady like Belinda.Ariel, the chief of all Belindas puckish protectors, warns her in the dream that s everal(prenominal) dread incident is going to be pass her that day, though he can tell her vigor much(prenominal) specific than that she should bew are of Man Then Belinda awakes, to the licking diction of her lapdog, Shock. Upon the delivery of a billet-doux, or love-letter, she stops all about the dream. She then product to her severing table and goes by an elaborate ritual of dressing, in which her protest chain in the mirror is described as a supernal image, a goddess. The Sylphs, unseen, assist their charge as she prepares herself for the days activities. inputThe opening of the song establishes its jeer- venturesome air. pope introduces the conventional larger-than-life subjects of love and war and includes an invocation to the muse and a dedication to the man (the historical mag ic trick Caryll) who commissioned the poem. Yet the tone already designates that the high seriousness of these conventional topics has suffered a diminishment. The second line confirms in explicit hurt what the graduation line already extracts the amrous causes the poem describes are non similar to the grand loveof Greek heroes rightful(prenominal) quite a represent a trivialized version of that emotion. The contests pope alludes to will prove to be aptitudey barely in an ironic sense. They are card- jeopardizes and flirtatious tussles, not the great battles of epic tradition. Belinda is not, like Helen of Troy, the face that launched a thousand ships (see the SparkNote on The Iliad), but or else a face thatalthough in any case beautifulprompts a lot of dandified nonsense.The beginning(a) ii verse-paragraphs emphasize the comic inappropriateness of the epic mood (and corresponding mind-set) to the subject at hand. pope bring home the bacons this discrepancy at th e aim of the line and half-line the proofreader is meant to dwell on the incompatibility between the two sides of his parallel contourulations. Thus, in this world, it is little men who in trade union movements so unfearing engage and soft bosoms are the dwelling- built in bed for mighty rage. In this startling juxtaposition of the petty and the grand, the former is veridical epoch the latter is ironic. In mock epic, the high idea runic style works not to dignify the subject but or else to threaten and ridicule it. Therefore, the canonic irony of the style supports the substance of the poems satire, which attacks the misguided values of a lodge that takes small matters for serious ones while failing to at pass to issues of genuine instantance. With Belindas dream, Pope introduces the machinery of the poemthe supernatural sources that influence the action from backside the scenes.Here, the red sprites that watch over Belinda are meant to mimic the gods of the Greek an d Roman traditions, who are sometimes benevolent and sometimes malicious, but al miens intimately postulate-to doe with in earthly all the samets. The scheme also craps use of other antediluvian patriarch hierarchies and systems of order. Ariel explains that womens spirits, when they die, return to their scratch line Elements. Each female personality example (these types correspond to the four humours) is converted into a particular kind of sprite. These gnomes, sylphs, salamanders, and nymphs, in turn, are associated with the four elements of earth, air, fire, and water. The airy sylphs are those who in their lifetimes were light Coquettes they have a particular concern for Belinda because she is of this type, and this will be the aspect of womanish nature with which the poem is intimately concerned. Indeed, Pope already begins to sketch this lawsuit of the coquette in this initial canto. He draws the portrait indirectly, through characteristics of the Sylphs rather than of Belinda herself.Their priorities reveal that the commutation concerns ofwomanhood, at least for women of Belindas class, are fond ones. Womans joy in gilded Chariots indicates an obsession with display and superficial splendor, while love of Ombre, a fashionable card game, suggests frivolity. The sexy charge of this kindly world in turn prompts another central concern the protection of chastity. These are women who value above all the purview marrying to advantage, and they have learned at an archaeozoic age how to promote themselves and manage their suitors without compromising themselves. The Sylphs become an allegory for the mannered conventions that govern female neighborly behavior. Principles like honor and chastity have become no more than another part of conventional interaction.Pope makes it clear that these women are not conducting themselves on the basis of abstract moral principles, but are governed by an elaborate social mechanismof which the Sylphs slue a fitting caricature. And while Popes technique of employing supernatural machinery allows him to critique this situation, it also helps to hold in the satire light and to exonerate individual women from too severe a judgment. If Belinda has all the typical female foibles, Pope wants us to recognize that it is partially because she has been educated and trained to act in this air. The society as a whole is as much to blame as she is. Nor are men exempt from this judgment. The competition among the young lords for the attention of beautiful ladies is depicted as a battle of vanity, as wigs with wigs, with sword-knots sword-knots strive.Popes phrases here expose an absurd attention to exhibitions of pride and ostentation. He emphasizes the inanity of discriminating so coatingly between things and people that are essentially the said(prenominal) in all important (and even most unimportant) respects. Popes personation of Belinda at her dressing table introduces mock-heroic motifs tha t will run through the poem. The scene of her toilette is rendered first as a religious sacrament, in which Belinda herself is the priestess and her image in the looking glass is the Goddess she serves. This parody of the religious rites in the lead a battle gives way, then, to another kind of mock-epic scene, that of the ritualized arming of the hero. Combs, gloams, and cosmetics take the place of appliances as awful Beauty puts on all its arms.Canto 2SummaryBelinda, rivaling the sun in her radiance, sets out by boat on the river Thames for Hampton cost Palace. She is go with by a party of glitzy ladies (Nymphs) and gentlemen, but is far and away the most striking member of the group. Popes explanation of her charms includes the sparkling plow she wore on her white breast, her quick eyes and lively looks, and the easy approving with which she bestows her smiles and attentions evenly among all the adoring guests. Her crowning glories, though, are the two volutes that flatt en on her ivry neck. These curls are described as loves labyrinths, specifically designed to ensnare any poor heart who might rile entangled in them.One of the young gentlemen on the boat, the power, especially admires Belindas locks, and has determined to dislocate them for himself. We read that he rose early that morning to build an altar to love and pray for success in this project. He sacrificed several tokens of his former affections, including garters, gloves, and billet-doux (love-letters). He then prostrated himself before a pyre built with all the trophies of his former loves, fanning its flames with his amrous sighs. The gods listened to his prayer but decided to grant only half of it. As the pleasure-boat continues on its way, everyone is slaphappy except Ariel, who remembers that some bad event has been foretold for the day. He summons an army of sylphs, who assemble around him in their iridescent beauty.He reminds them with great eucharist that one of their duties, aft(prenominal) regulating celestial bodies and the weather and guarding the British monarch, is to tend the Fair to keep watch over ladies powders, perfumes, curls, and clothing, and to assist their blushes, and inspire their airs. Therefore, since some dire disaster threatens Belinda, Ariel assigns her an extensive troop of bodyguards. Brillante is to guard her earrings, Momentilla her watch, and Crispissa her locks. Ariel himself will protect Shock, the lapdog. A band of fifty Sylphs will guard the all-important petticoat. Ariel pronounces that any sylph who neglects his assigned duty will be severely punished. They disperse to their posts and clutches for fate to unfold. inputFrom the first, Pope describes Belindas beauty as something divine, an sagaciousness which she herself corroborates in the first canto when shecreates, at least figuratively, an altar to her own image. This encomium is certainly in some sense ironical, reflecting negatively on a system of public values in which external characteristics rank higher(prenominal) than moral or intellectual ones. hardly Pope also shows a real reverence for his heroines physical and social charms, claiming in lines 1718 that these are compelling enough to cause one to forget her female errors. Certainly he has some inte quiet in flattering Arabella Fermor, the real-life woman on whom Belinda is based in order for his poem to achieve the desired reconciliation, it must not offend (see Context. Pope also exhibits his appreciation for the ways in which physical beauty is an art form he recognizes, with a mixture of censure and awe, the fact that Belindas k immediatelyn locks of hair, which appear so natural and spontaneous, are actually a guardedly contrived effect.In this, the mysteries of the ladys dressing table are akin, perhaps, to Popes own literary art, which he describes elsewhere as nature to advantage dressd. If the secret mechanisms and techniques of female beauty get at least a passing nod of appreciation from the author, he nevertheless suggests that the general human readiness to worship beauty amounts to a kind of sacrilege. The cross that Belinda wears around her neck serves a more cosmetic than symbolic or religious function. Because of this, he says, it can be adore by Jews and Infidels as readily as by Christians. And there is some ambiguity about whether any of the admirers are really valuing the cross itself, or the white breast on which it liesor the felicitous effect of the whole. The great power, of course, is the most significant of those who worship at the altar of Belindas beauty. The ritual sacrifices he performs in the pre-dawn hours are another mock-heroic element of the poem, mimicking the epic tradition of sacrificing to the gods before an important battle or journey, and drapes his project with an absurdly grand import that actually only exposes its triviality.The fact that he discards all his other love tokens in these preparations reveals his capriciousness as a lover. Earnest prayer, in this parodic scene, is replaced by the self-indulgent sighs of the lover. By having the gods grant only half of what the powerfulness asks, Pope alludes to the epic convention by which the favor of the gods is only a entangled blessing in epic poems, to win the sponsorship of one god is to witness the wrath of another divine gifts, much(prenominal) as immortality, can face a blessing but become acurse. Yet in this poem, the ramifications of a prayer half granted are negligible rather than tragic it merely means that he will manage to steal fair(a) one lock rather than both of them. In the first canto, the religious imagery surrounding Belindas grooming rituals gave way to a militaristic conceit. Here, the same pattern holds. Her curls are compared to a trap suddenly calibrated to ensnare the enemy. Yet the character of female coyness is such that it seeks simultaneously to attract and repel, so that the counterpart to the enticing ringlets is the formidable petticoat.This unmentionable is described as a protective armament comparable to the entertain of Achilles (see Scroll XVIII of The Iliad), and supported in its function of protecting the firsts chastity by the invisible might of fifty Sylphs. The Sylphs, who are Belindas protectors, are essentially charged to protect her not from mishap but from too great a success in attracting men. This preposterous situation dramatizes the contradictory values and motives implied in the eras informal conventions. In this canto, the internal allegory of the poem begins to come into fuller view. The backup of the poem already associates the pathting of Belindas hair with a more explicit intimate conquest, and here Pope cultivates that suggestion. He multiplies his sexually metaphorical language for the incident, adding words like ravish and betray to the rape of the title.He also slips in some commentary on the implications of his societys sexual mores, as whe n he remarks that when success a Lovers toil attends, / few ask, if fraud or force attaind his ends. When Ariel speculates about the possible forms the dire disaster might take, he includes a breach of chastity (Dianas law), the breaking of china (another allusion to the mischief of virginity), and the staining of honor or a gown (the two incommensurable events could happen equally easily and accidentally). He also mentions some pettier social disasters against which the Sylphs are equally prepared to fight, like missing a freak (here, as grave as missing prayers) or losing the lapdog. In the Sylphs defensive efforts, Belindas petticoat is the battlefield that requires the most extensive fortifications. This fact furthers the creative thinker that the rape of the lock stands in for a literal rape, or at least represents a threat to her chastity more serious than just the mere theft of a curl.SummaryThe boat arrives at Hampton Court Palace, and the ladies and gentlemen disembark to their courtly entertainments. After a pleasant round of chatting and gossip, Belinda sits graduate with two of the men to a game of cards. They play ombre, a three-handed game of tricks and trumps, somewhat like bridge, and it is described in terms of a heroic battle the cards are troops combating on the velvet plain of the card-table. Belinda, under the watchful care of the Sylphs, begins favorably. She declares spades as trumps and leads with her highest cards, sure of success. Soon, however, the hand takes a turn for the worse when to the mightiness fate inclines the field he catches her king of clubs with his queen and then leads back with his high diamonds. Belinda is in danger of being beaten, but recovers in the last trick so as to just barely win back the amount she bid.The next ritual amusement is the serving of coffee. The curling vapors of the steaming coffee remind the power of his intention to attempt Belindas lock. Clarissa draws out her scissors for his use, as a lady would arm a knight in a play. taking up the scissors, he tries three times to clip the lock from behind without Belinda seeing. The Sylphs endeavor furiously to intervene, blowing the hair out of harms way and tweaking her diamond earring to make her turn around. Ariel, in a last-minute effort, gains gateway to her brain, where he is surprised to find an earthly lover lurking at her heart. He gives up protecting her then the implication is that she secretly wants to be violated. Finally, the cut back close on the curl. A daring sylph jumps in between the blades and is cut in two but being a supernatural creature, he is quickly restored. The deed is done, and the powerfulness exults while Belindas screams fill the air. scuttlebuttThis canto is full of classic examples of Popes masterful use of the heroic couplet. In introducing Hampton Court Palace, he describes it as the place where Queen Anne dost sometimes counsel takeand sometimes tea. This line employs a zeugma, a rhe torical device in which a word or phrase modifies two other words or phrases in a parallel construction, but modifies each in a different way or harmonise to a different sense. Here, the modifying word is take it applies to the paralleled terms counsel and tea. But one doesnot take tea in the same way one takes counsel, and the effect of the zeugma is to show the royal residence as a place that houses both serious matters of state and frivolous social occasions. The reader is asked to contemplate that paradox and to reflect on the relative value and splendor of these two different registers of activity. (For another example of this rhetorical technique, see lines 1578 Not louder shrieks to pitying heaven are cast, / when husbands, or when lapdogs breathe their last.)A similar point is made, in a less compact phrasing, in the second and third verse-paragraphs of this canto. Here, against the gossip and chatter of the young lords and ladies, Pope opens a window onto more serious mat ters that are occurring meanwhile and elsewhere, including criminal trials and executions, and frugal exchange. The rendering of the card game as a battle constitutes an ridiculous and deft narrative feat. By parodying the battle scenes of the great epic poems, Pope is suggesting that the energy and passion once applied to brave and serious purposes is now expended on such insignificant trials as games and gambling, which often become a mere front for flirtation.The structure of the three attempts by which the lock is cut is a convention of heroic challenges, particularly in the romance genre. The romance is further invoked in the image of Clarissa arming the Baronnot with a real weapon, however, but with a pair of sewing scissors. Belinda is not a real adversary, or course, and Pope makes it plain that her resistanceand, by implication, her consequent distressis to some degree an affectation. The melodrama of her screams is complemented by the ironic comparison of the Barons fea t to the conquest of nations.Belindas anxious cares and secret passions after the loss of her lock are equal to the emotions of all who have ever known rage, resentment and despair. After the disappointed Sylphs withdraw, an earthy gnome called Umbriel fly down to the spelunk of Spleen. (The quick excitation, an organ that removes disease-causing agents from the bloodstream, was traditionally associated with the passions, particularly malaise spleen is a synonym for ill-temper.) In his descent he passes through Belindas bedroom, where she lies prostrate with discomfiture and the headache. She is attended bytwo handmaidens, Ill-Nature and Affectation. Umbriel passes safely through this melancholy chamber, holding a sprig of spleenwort before him as a charm. He addresses the Goddess of Spleen, and returns with a bag of sighs, sobs, and passions and a vial of sorrow, grief, and tears. He unleashes the first bag on Belinda, fueling her ire and despair.There to commiserate with Belind a is her title-holder Thalestris. (In Greek mythology, Thalestris is the name of one of the Amazons, a race of warrior women who excluded men from their society.) Thalestris delivers a diction calculated to further foment Belindas indignation and iron out her to avenge herself. She then goes to Sir snare, her beau, to ask him to demand that the Baron return the hair. Sir Plume makes a weak and slang-filled speech, to which the Baron disdainfully refuses to acquiesce. At this, Umbriel releases the contents of the rest vial, throwing Belinda into a fit of sorrow and self-pity. With beauteous grief she bemoans her fate, regrets not having heeded the dream-warning, and laments the lonely, pitiful state of her sole remaining curl.CommentaryThe canto opens with a list of examples of rage, resentment, and despair, comparing on an equal footing the pathos of kings imprisoned in battle, of women who become old maids, of evil-doers who die without being saved, and of a woman whose dress is disheveled. By placing such disparate sorts of aggravation in parallel, Pope accentuates the sacrosanct necessity of assigning them to some rank of moral import. The effect is to switch a social world that fails to make these distinctions. Umbriels journey to the Cave of Spleen mimics the journeys to the underworld made by both Odysseus and Aeneas. Pope uses psychological allegory (for the spleen was the seat of malaise or melancholy), as a way of exploring the sources and nature of Belindas feelings. The presence of Ill-nature and Affectation as handmaidens serves to indicate that her grief is less than pure (affected or put-on), and that her display of temper has hidden motives. We learn that her sorrow is decorative in much the same way the curl was it gives her the occasion, for example, to wear a new nightdress.The speech of Thalestris invokes a courtly ethic. She encourages Belinda to think about the Barons misdeed as an affront to her honor, and draws on ideals of chival ry indemanding that Sir Plume challenge the Baron in defense of Belindas honor. He makes a muddle of the task, masking how far from courtly behavior this generation of gentlemen has fallen. Sir Plumes speech is riddled with foppish slang and has none of the logical, moral, or oratorical power that a knight should properly wield. This attention to questions of honor returns us to the sexual allegory of the poem. The real danger, Thalestris suggests, is that the ravisher might display the lock and make it a source of public humiliation to Belinda and, by association, to her friends. Thus the real question is a superficial onepublic reputationrather than the moral imperative to chastity. Belindas own words at the close of the canto corroborate this suggestion she exclaims, Oh, hadst thou, cruel been content to seize / Hairs less in sight, or any hairs but these (The hairs less in sight suggest her pubic hair).Pope is pointing out the degree to which she values outward sort (whether b eauty or reputation) above all else she would rather suffer a breach to her integrity than a breach to her appearance. The Baron remains stolid against all the ladies tears and reproaches. Clarissa delivers a speech in which she questions why a society that so adores beauty in women does not also place a value on good sense and good humour. Women are frequently called angels, she argues, but without reference to the moral qualities of these creatures. Especially since beauty is needfully so short-lived, we must have something more substantial and permanent to fall back on. This sensible, moralizing speech falls on deaf ears, however, and Belinda, Thalestris and the rest ignore her and proceed to launch an all-out attack on the pique Baron.A chaotic tussle ensues, with the gnome Umbriel presiding in a situation of self- congratulation. The gentlemen are slain or revived according to the smiles and frowns of the fair ladies. Belinda and the Baron meet in combat and she emerges victo rious by peppering him with snuff and displace her bodkin. Having achieved a position of advantage, she again demands that he return the lock. But the ringlet has been lost in the chaos, and cannot be found. The poet avers that the lock has risen to the heavenly spheres to become a star stargazers may admire it now for all eternity. In this way, the poet reasons, it will attract more envy than it ever could on earth.CommentaryReaders have often interpreted Clarissas speech as the percentage of the poetexpressing the moral of the story. Certainly, her orations thesis aligns with Popes professed task of putting the dispute between the two families into a more liable perspective. But Popes position achieves more complexity than Clarissas speech, since he has used the occasion of the poem as a fomite to critically address a number of broader societal issues as well. And Clarissas righteous stance loses authority in light of the fact that it was she who originally gave the Baron the scissors. Clarissas failure to inspire a reconciliation proves that the hostility is itself a kind of flirtatious game that all parties are enjoying. The description of the battle has a markedly erotic quality, as ladies and lords wallow in their mock-agonies. Sir Plume draws Clarissa down in a sexual way, and Belinda flies on her foe with flashing eyes and an erotic ardor. When Pope informs us that the Baron fights on unafraid because he sought no more than on his foe to die, the expression means that his goal all along was sexual consummation.This final battle is the culmination of the long sequence of mock-heroic military actions. Pope invokes by name the Roman gods who were most active in warfare, and he alludes as well to the Aeneid , comparing the stoic Baron to Aeneas (the Trojan), who had to appropriate his love to become the founder of Rome. Belindas tossing of the snuff makes a completed turning point, ideally suited to the scale of this trivial battle. The snuff causes the Baron to sneeze, a comic and decidedly unheroic thing for a hero to do. The bodkin, too, serves nicely here a bodkin is a decorative hairpin, not the weapon of ancient days (or even of Hamlets time). Still, Pope gives the pin an elaborate history in accordance with the conventions of true epic.The mock-heroic conclusion of the poem is designed to compliment the lady it alludes to (Arabella Fermor), while also giving the poet himself due(p) credit for being the instrument of her immortality. This ending effectively indulges the heroines vanity, even though the poem has functioned throughout as a critique of that vanity. And no real moral development has taken place Belinda is asked to come to terms with her loss through a kind of bribe or embarrassment that reinforces her basically frivolous outlook. But even in its most vexatious moments, this poem is a gentle one, in which Pope shows a basic sympathy with the social world in spite of its folly and foibles. The searing criti ques of his later satires would be much more stringent and less forgiving.

War Is One Of The Biggest Atrocities That Man Must Commit

After looking finished the slideshow for this portion of the class I felt a mixture of tribulation and hope, disgust and inspiration, confusion and clarity. These images bounce back and forth from a clamant pincer to one who has had access to medical attention, a naked squirt screaming in terror in the streets to an image of the same charwoman as an adult, happy and healthy. War is one of the biggest atrocities that man must swear solely at the same time people be neer as beautiful or as courageous as when they are in the midst of crisis.Take the picture of the Young Beggars in Saigon for example. This picture is bittersweet. It is extremely sad but also objectively beautiful. The infant in the box makes me want to weep but I am comforted by the fact that these two young people are holding hands. They befuddle altogether(prenominal) other(a). If nothing else these two have that smallish human contact that lead make their situation bearable. Other examples of this ac sack outledge the shoeshine boys who have congregated together to form a young Saigon gang. Is this an ideal picture, no, but it is real.These children may have to aim up quickly but they have each other and they are living the only childhood they will ever know. But then there are photos of the young victims of war, battery victims and women trying to smuggle her children out of the war zone. These are not passably pictures but again they illustrate the beauty of the human spirit. Could I apprize life if I had never seen with my own eyes the sadness of a life taken too soon? Could anyone ever know real efficacy and courage if they had never felt the tinges of fear?There were other pictures that were slightly confusing, such as the photo of the US Marine gift the young girl a cigarette. At first I thought, why would he give such a young child a cigarette? But then I realized it was because that was all this soldier had to give. I am sure that being an Ameri gutter, used to children having the right to grow up healthy and safe, makes it difficult to see children growing up in the midst of a war zone. It makes one want to rescue each other. And again that is admirable. Look at the girls face in that photo. She is radiant. She is the lightness in an otherwise bleak world.In response, I really dont know who the good guys are and who the bad guys are in these photos. And truly I dont know that it matters. I was truck by the strength and beauty that was represented here. Look at the faces in these pictures and you see strength, perseverance, impost and even love. For example, look at the woman in the photo A Vietnamese Woman, the trials and tribulations of life are etched all over her face. at last these photos represent the good and the bad, the yin and yang of humanity. For some strange reason man does not appreciate life until life is taken away.And unfortunately the world is a better place after we have had to clean up the rubble of war and human gr eed. Somehow in the midst of destruction we rein the strength to help each other, pick up where we left off. Yet, when all is well in the world we get greedy and seek to destroy. These images are timeless. Despite our disgust at seeing a young child tortured we, as a race, will continue to commit these crimes. perhaps as a species man has self destructive tendencies. Maybe we can only appreciate the beauty of life when we see the ugliness in death.

Creating an Inviting Classroom Environment Essay

In this fastback, the authors get to two major contentions in their introduction to this pamphlet. The first is that how a condition looks does affect how everyone who goes there feels about it- and what goes on inside it. Furthermore, the authors assert that, epoch circumstances usually prohibit teachers from changing the entire schooltime, they rout out and should train a difference in their own classrooms. In this review I will be addressing these two major premises (Jones 8). I entirely declare with the authors that the way a school looks affects peoples learning of the school as hale as what goes on in it.Blackford high up School is a perfect example to support this theory. BHS is and always has been well maintained and groomed. When I first interviewed for employment here ten eld ago, I asked the principal if the school was relatively new I was floor when he told me that the school was in fact 21 years old. I feel that when people drive by our school they get a goo d impression of it. Additionally, I am very proud of our initiation when I have personal or professional guests at school. (Brown 69).I also agree with the authors that this precept also hold true for individual classrooms Harrison and Bullock gave examples of two contrasting classes to prove that an inviting environment and housekeeping are critical to student achievement/performance. One classroom was cluttered, outdated, and impersonal- an uninviting dump. The opposite classroom was neat, orderly, yet warm, inviting, comfortable, and user-friendly. I agree with the authors that the second classroom was the precedent and the one that is more conducive to student learning.Furthermore I agree with the reasons to focus on environment that they have identified (psychologically positive, quality lighting, noise, etcetera ) However I strongly disagree with them when they contend facility size and age are not factors when creating an environment pleasant classroom. After appraise students, teachers, and parents as to what they thought was important to a classroom environment (furniture, aesthetics, comfort, instructional items, and professional items. ) Finally they made recommendations as how best to use these level items to create the ideal classroom.It is these suggestions and the implication that I can incorporate them that I have a problem with. Size IS a factor. My room is crammed with the essentials of school operation. In my room you will find a teacher desk, 33 student desks, one teacher computer station, one small deem case which holds my personal professional books as well as paperbacks for students, a raised platform and podium for speech performances, a radio soundboard cart and an additional small table with a boom stroke for radio classes and one small teacher work table. I fagt have any room.I can stand at the front edge of my desk and touch the first row of student desks (I wear upont even have to reach). The students in the back row c an turn around and touch the back wall of the room. Much to my dismay, I am not leaving to be afforded additional space in which to conduct speech and radio classes. Furthermore, I am not going to be given individual classroom temperature controls or a phone. It is a fact that I come to accept. I would LOVE to have, as suggested, tables and desks, a comfort space for reading, student storage space, and any number of the otherwise items they suggested. However, it will not happen at Blackford High School.

Secrets and the Scarlet Letter

A mystery between two is Gods mystifying, between three is all mens. -Spanish Proverb. Secrets are not meant for being told. Usually everyone is supposed to lease obscures to their grave. In certain circumstances, they must be told. Even though youre thwarting your own honor by separateing a secret, sometimes it must be done. In most cases, secrets should be kept, but in The sanguine Letter, at that place are some that need to be told. in that locations naught more powerful than finding someone safe to dissever the secret to. No one tell aparts how hard it is, unless theyve been there. Your heart pounds, your body is rock rigid, you dig up your teeth, your mouth is dry.You think of all the excuses to keep your mouth shut. Theyll get mad. Theyll laugh. Theyll resist you. Theyll treat it like it was nothing and tell you to forget approximately it. Or worse theyll be polite, nod their head like they understand, leave and not ever wee anything to do with you again. Even then, the depth of doubt, self-hate, fear and jeopardy is so strong, that even after you tell even to someone whos been with it too you leave and wonder, did I say too much? Did I do the right thing? Will they hate me? Only feel lets you know your trust wasnt for nothing.In the Scarlet Letter, Hester Prynne, Roger Chillingworth, and Arthur Dimmesdale all demand secrets. They result do whatever they tolerate to keep their secrets a secret. Except for Hester, whose secret has been made public by her wearing the scarlet letter A. Arthur Dimmesdales secret is the most lethal. He is retentiveness his secret to protect his repute even though its eating away at him and keeping him from what he wants most Hester. For example, in chapter 17 page 182, we are told that Dimmesdales secret has taken hold of his life and made him a woeful man. There is no substance in itIt is cold and dead, and can do nothing for me Of penance I have had enough Of penitence there has been none Else, I sh ould long ago have thrown polish off these garments of mock holiness, and have shown myself to mankind as they leave see me at the judgment-seat. Happy are you, Hester, that wear the scarlet letter openly upon your dummy Mine burns in secret Thou little knowest what a relief it is, after the torment of a seven years cheat, to look into an sum that recognizes me for what I am Dimmesdales secret should be told because then he wont feel so guilty and his shame and finesse will not eat him alive.It also isnt fair to driblet that she has no father and wont be able to have one because of Dimmesdales secret. She has no knowledge of him being her father because of what he had to do to protect his come to. Girls should have a father figure in their lives, Pearl never had that opportunity. Roger Chillingworth also exhibits secrecy. Hes keeping his identity element a secret because he wants to find out who Hesters conversancy was and he also wants to protect his high reputation as we ll. It isnt right for him to keep his identity a secret because its lay other people in harms way which is a circumstance when secrets need to be told.The torture hes doing to Dimmesdale isnt dignified and un-puritan like. In chapter 14, Chillingworth says I have left thee to the scarlet letter, if that have not avenged me I can do more This paraphrase says that Chillingworth is willing to do more to Dimmesdale and make him suffer more which is reservation Chillingworths secret deeper because the more he does that Hester knows about, the more guilt she feels about keeping his identity a secret from Dimmesdale. His secret should be told because it goes against incorrupt values of the puritans. In some cases, secrets shouldnt be told.Those who keep a secret keep themselves moral. Keeping a secret and respecting the secrets of others, as contrary to prying into them, is a virtue of self discipline and sensitivity. The heart can be seen as a safe for keeping secrets. Intelligence is the lock, and will power is the key. Keeping secrets is important for your dignity, pride, and personal gain. In response to The Scarlet Letter, Hester Prynne is the only one who knows the secrets that Dimmesdale and Chillingworth are hiding from the town. Hester has to control her desire to tell the truth and practices the art of deception to hide these secrets.When she will not smash the father of Pearl, Reverend Dimmesdale says, She will not speak. It is ironic that the person who affiliated the sin with Hester is the one who announces publicly that she will not break down the recognize of the other sinner. Later, Chillingworth wants to know who it is and he says, Thou wilt not reveal his name? Hester refuses and continues to hold her silence. Then, Chillingworth, still trying to find out the name of her lover, comments, . . . but Hester, the man lives who has wrong(p)ed us both Who is he? When he says this, he is hinting that he is going to do something to Dimmesdale .This is why Hester makes Chillingworth promise not to decimate her lover if he finds out his identity. Chillingworth deserves to know who slept with his wife, although Hester should not have had to tell him. I think that Dimmesdale should have admitted that he was Pearls father. Today, if a priest admitted such a crime, he would probably be sent to jail. However, in the novel, had Dimmesdale confessed, the townsfolk would have liked him even more. Hester also has to live with, and conceal, the secret that Chillingworth is her husband. When he comes to visit her in jail he says, Thou hast kept the secret of thy paramour.Keep, likewise, mine There are none in this land that know me. Breathe not, to any soul, that thou didst ever call me husband. Hester shows great lastingness of character by her ability to keep the secret identities of her lover and her husband. There must have been times when the temptation to reveal her secrets was overwhelming, but she managed to do so. There are times when secrets must stay secrets and times when they should be told. The Scarlet Letter is an allegory for secrets. Chillingworth and Dimmesdales secrets should be told because theyre doing things for the wrong reasons and hurting either themselves or those around them.It was right for Hester to keep secrets end-to-end the book because she was looking out for herself, Pearl, and Dimmesdale and would do anything to make sure they werent in harms way of Chillingworths wrath. When it comes to secrets, to each their own. With opposite situations comes different ways to handle the condition and decide whether or not a secret should be held in or expressed for the reality to hear. In most cases, secrets should be kept, but in The Scarlet Letter, there are some that need to be told.